Early life

McKenna was born in Marylebone to a theatrically oriented family and was educated at Herons Ghyll School, a former independent boarding school near the market town of Horsham in West Sussex. She spent six years in South Africa before returning to the School at the age of fourteen, after which she attended the Central School of Speech and Drama in London.

Career

McKenna worked on stage in London's West End theatres before making her film debut in 1952. She continued to appear in both films and on stage. From 1954-55 she was a member of the Old Vic theatre company and was married for a few months in 1954 to bisexual actor Denholm Elliott, whom she met on the set of The Cruel Sea. Their marriage ended, owing to his affairs with men. Her second husband was actor Bill Travers, with whom she had four children and to whom she was married until his death in 1994.

In 1956, McKenna won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress for her performance in the film, A Town Like Alice and two years later was nominated for Best Actress again, for her role as the World War II SOE agent Violette Szabo, in 1958's Carve Her Name with Pride.

However, McKenna is best remembered for her 1966 role as Joy Adamson in the true-life film Born Free for which she received a nomination for a Golden Globe.Her husband Bill Travers co-starred with her, portraying conservationist George Adamson, and the experience led them to become active supporters for wild animal rights as well as the protection of their natural habitat. McKenna appeared in An Elephant Called Slowly, a travelogue of what it was like years ago in Kenya. The film features her close friend conservationist George Adamson and also elephants Eleanor (brought up by conservationst Daphne Sheldrick) and young Pole Pole. The subsequent premature death of Pole Pole in London Zoo was to lead to McKenna and her husband launching the Zoo Check Campaign in 1984 and to their establishing the "Born Free Foundation" in 1991.

On the stage, in 1979 she won the Olivier Award for Best Actress in a British musical for her performance opposite Yul Brynner in The King and I. Over the years she appeared in more films but was also very active with television roles and on stage where she continues to make occasional appearances.

McKenna has also been responsible for helping create and furnish the Gavin Maxwell museum on Eilean Bàn, the last island home of Maxwell, an author and naturalist, most famous for his book Ring of Bright Water. McKenna and husband Bill Travers starred in the 1969 film adaptation of the book

Other interests

In 2004, McKenna was made an officer of the Order of the British Empire for her services to wildlife and to the arts. Virginia McKenna's autobiography, The Life in My Years, was published by Oberon Books in March 2009.

In 1975 she released an album of twelve songs called Two Faces of Love which included two of her own compositions and a sung version of the poem The Love That I Have from the film Carve Her Name with Pride. The record was released on the Gold Star label with two line drawings of McKenna by her sister-in-law Linden Travers but these were replaced by a photograph when the album was reissued on the Rim label in 1979.

Her audiobook work includes The Secret Garden by Frances Hodgson Burnett, and narration of The Lonely Doll by Dare Wright.

Filmography

Year	Film	Role	Notes
1952	Father's Doing Fine	Catherine
	The Second Mrs. Tanqueray	Ellean Tanqueray
1953	The Cruel Sea	Julie Hallam
	The Oracle	Shelagh
1955	Simba	Mary Crawford
	The Ship That Died of Shame	Helen Randall
1956	A Town Like Alice	Jean Paget	BAFTA Award for Best British Actress
1957	The Barretts of Wimpole Street	Henrietta Barrett
	The Smallest Show on Earth	Jean Spenser
1958	Carve Her Name with Pride	Violette Szabo	Nominated — BAFTA Award for Best British Actress
	Passionate Summer	Judy Waring	aka Storm Over Jamaica
1959	The Wreck of the Mary Deare	Janet Taggart
1961	Two Living, One Dead	Helen Berger
1965	A Passage to India	Adela Quested	(TV)
1966	Born Free	Joy Adamson	Nominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Drama
1969	Ring of Bright Water	Mary MacKenzie
	An Elephant Called Slowly	Ginny
1970	Waterloo	Duchess of Richmond
1974	Swallows and Amazons	Mother
	The Gathering Storm	Clemmie Churchill	(TV)
1975	Beauty and the Beast	Lucy	(TV)
1977	Holocaust 2000	Eva Caine
	The Disappearance	Catherine
1979	Julius Caesar	Portia	(BBC Television Shakespeare)
1982	Blood Link	Woman in Ballroom
1992	The Camomile Lawn	Older Polly	(TV miniseries)
1994	Staggered	Flora
1996	September	Violet	(TV)
1998	Sliding Doors	James's Mother
2005	A Murder is Announced	Belle Goedler
2010	Love/ Loss	Mary
2012	Leona Calderon	Elderly British Lady
2016	Golden Years	Martha Goode

Non-fiction films

• The Lions are Free is the real life continuation of Born Free. This film tells about what happened to the lions that were in the film Born Free. Bill Travers, who had starred with McKenna, wrote, produced and directed the film, along with James Hill, the director of Born Free. Travers and Hill went to a remote area in Kenya to visit with the noted conservationist George Adamson. The film has amazing scenes of George and Bill interacting with lions who are living free.
• Christian:The Lion At World's End is a documentary (with a reenaction sequence at the beginning) about the now-famous lion's journey from a London store to George Adamson's reserve in Kenya. Virginia McKenna and her husband, Bill Travers, had a chance meeting with Christian and his owners Ace Bourke and John Rendall. Through McKenna and Travers' connection with George Adamson, the lion was successfully brought to Africa and taught how to fend for himself.

Bibliography

• On Playing With Lions (with Bill Travers) Collins, (1966) ISBN 0-00-241607-7
• Some of My Friends Have Tails Collins (1971) ISBN 0-00-262752-3
• Into The Blue The Aquarian Press, (1992) ISBN 1-85538-254-7
• Journey to Freedom (with help from Will Travers; illustrated by Nick Mountain) Templar (1997) ISBN 1-898784-73-6.

Discography

• Two Faces of Love LP, Gold Star 15-030, 1975. Reissued as Rim RIM 5001, 1979.
• The Love That I Have (Violette)/Homage to Renoir 45 rpm single, Sovereign SOV 125, 1974.
• The Love That I Have/Send In the Clowns 45 rpm single, RIM 002, 1979.

[ Source: Wikipedia ]