Early life, education and career

Van Hollen was born in Karachi, Pakistan, the eldest of three children of American parents Edith Eliza (née Farnsworth) and Christopher Van Hollen. His father was a Foreign Service officer who served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs (1969-72) and U.S. Ambassador to Sri Lanka and the Maldives (1972-76); and his mother worked in the Central Intelligence Agency and the State Department, where she served as chief of the intelligence bureau for South Asia. He spent parts of his early life in Pakistan, Turkey, India, and Sri Lanka. He returned to the United States for his junior year of high school, and attended Middlesex School in Concord, Massachusetts, where his grandfather once taught.

He is an alumnus of the Kodaikanal International School, a very prestigious school in southern India. In 1982, Van Hollen graduated from Swarthmore College with a Bachelor of Arts degree in philosophy. He continued his studies at Harvard University, where he earned a Master of Public Policy degree, concentrating in national security studies, from the John F. Kennedy School of Government in 1985.

Early political career

Van Hollen worked as a legislative assistant for defense and foreign policy to U.S. Senator Charles Mathias, a Republican from Maryland, from 1985 to 1987. He was also a staff member of the U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations (1987-89), and a legislative advisor for federal affairs to Maryland Governor William Donald Schaefer (1989-91). He earned a Juris Doctor from the Georgetown University Law Center in 1990. He was admitted to the Maryland bar in 1990, and joined the law firm of Arent Fox.

Maryland Legislature

Van Hollen served in the Maryland General Assembly from 1991 to 2003, first in the House of Delegates (1991-95) and then in the State Senate (1995-2003). In the Senate, he served on the Budget and Taxation Committee and the Health and Human Services Subcommittee. He led successful efforts to raise the tobacco tax, prohibit oil drilling in the Chesapeake Bay, mandate trigger locks for guns, and increase funding for education and healthcare. In 2002, The Washington Post called Van Hollen "one of the most accomplished members of the General Assembly."

U.S. House of Representatives

Maryland's 8th District hugs the northern border of Washington, D.C. and is one of the wealthiest and most educated congressional districts in the nation. The federal government is the single largest employer in the district, and many private companies are funded by the government.

In 2003, Van Hollen was named Outstanding New Member of the Year by the Committee for Education Funding, the nation's largest and oldest non-partisan education coalition. The first bill Van Hollen introduces every session is the Keep Our Promise to America's Children and Teachers (Keep Our PACT) Act, which would fully fund No Child Left Behind and Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. He also introduced an amendment, which passed, that repealed a 9.5 percent loophole in student loans that had allowed lenders to pocket billions of taxpayer dollars. Now, that money is available for additional student loans.

Because many federal employees live in his district, Van Hollen has worked on a number of issues relating to them. He supported pay parity in pay raises for civilian employees and introduced an amendment, which passed, to block attempts to outsource federal jobs.

Van Hollen has secured federal funding for a number of local-interest projects, including transportation initiatives, local homeland security efforts, education programs and community development projects.

Van Hollen often joins his colleague Adam Schiff (CA-29) to discuss issues of National Security on the floor of the House, with particular commentary on the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.

In May 2006, Van Hollen formed a Congressional Caucus on the Netherlands with Dutch-born Republican representative Pete Hoekstra. The goal of the caucus is to promote the U.S. relationship with the Netherlands and remember the Dutch role in establishing New York and the United States.

In July 2006, Van Hollen urged the Bush administration to support a ceasefire supported by a peacekeeping force that would end the Israeli-Lebanon War. He was heavily criticized by the Jewish and pro-Israel community, a large part of his constituency. According to the Washington Jewish Week, Van Hollen clarified but did not retract his position.

In 2006, Van Hollen opted out of the race to succeed the retiring Senator Paul Sarbanes, saying he would rather spend time with his family and help elect more Democrats to Congress. In keeping with that, Van Hollen was appointed to Chairman of the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee.

In 2009, Van Hollen introduced a bill which establishes a Green Bank to catalyze the financing of clean energy and energy efficiency projects. He reintroduced the same bill again in 2014.

In March 2010, when Charles Rangel was forced to resign as Chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means over ethics charges, Van Hollen played a key role in having Sander Levin succeed to the Chairmanship over Pete Stark. Stark was the second-most experienced member of the committee while Levin was third, and party tradition would have made Stark chairman due to seniority. However, Van Hollen and other younger members saw Stark's past intemperate comments as a liability to the Democrats in an election year.

On April 29, 2010, Van Hollen introduced the campaign finance DISCLOSE Act. He reintroduced the bill for the 113th Congress on February 9, 2012.

In April 2011, Van Hollen sued the Federal Election Commission, charging it with regulatory capture and the creation of a loop hole that allowed unlimited and undisclosed financing in the 2010 election reason. Had it not been for the loophole, according to Hollen "much of the more than $135 million in secret contributions that funded expenditures would have been disclosed."

Congressman Van Hollen has been a strong supporter of disability rights, especially for individuals with intellectual disabilities. In 2010 he became a co-chair of the Congressional Down Syndrome Caucus and has sponsored numerous bills that would benefit individuals with disabilities.

Committee assignments

• Committee on the Budget (Ranking Member)
• Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction

Party leadership and Caucus membership

• Ranking Member on the House Budget Committee
• Vice Chairman of the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Caucus
• Co-Chairman of the Congressional Soccer Caucus
• Co-Chairman of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed Task Force
• Co-Chairman of the Congressional Caucus on Global Road Safety
• Vice Chairman of the Democratic Task Force on Budget and Tax Policy
• Member of the Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus
• Member of the Sustainable Energy and Environment Coalition
• International Conservation Caucus
• Congressional Chesapeake Bay Watershed Caucus
• Chair, Congressional Down Syndrome Caucus

Political campaigns

See also: United States House of Representatives elections in Maryland, 2010 § 8th Congressional District

Prior to Van Hollen's election, incumbent Connie Morella had won eight elections in the district, despite the fact that she was a Republican in a district that had swung heavily Democratic. Morella's success was largely attributed to her political independence and relatively liberal voting record, including support for abortion rights, gay rights, gun control and increased environmental protections.

After Morella's re-election in 2000, Democratic Maryland Senate President Thomas V. "Mike" Miller made no secret that he wanted to draw the 8th out from under Morella. Indeed, one redistricting plan after the 2000 Census went so far as to divide the 8th in two, giving one district to Van Hollen and forcing Morella to run against popular State Delegate Mark Kennedy Shriver in November. The final plan was far less ambitious, but made the district even more Democratic than its predecessor. It absorbed nine heavily Democratic precincts from neighboring Prince George's County, an area that Morella had never represented. It also restored a heavily Democratic spur in eastern Montgomery County that had been cut out in the last round of redistricting.

In 2002, Van Hollen entered a competitive Democratic Party primary against Shriver and former Clinton administration aide Ira Shapiro. Though Shriver had the most money, Van Hollen launched a very successful grassroots effort that mobilized Democratic voters. After receiving the endorsement of the Washington Post, the Baltimore Sun, and other local papers, Van Hollen defeated Shriver 43.5 percent to 40.6 percent.

During the campaign, Van Hollen emphasized that even when Morella voted with the district, her partisan affiliation kept Tom DeLay and the rest of her party's more conservative leadership in power. Van Hollen also touted his leadership in the State Senate on issues such as education funding, HMO reform, trigger locks for handguns, and protecting the Chesapeake Bay from oil drilling. Ultimately, after a tight race, Van Hollen defeated Morella 51.7 percent to 48.2 percent. Van Hollen crushed Morella in the Prince George's County portion of the district, while narrowly winning Montgomery County. However, Morella won most of the precincts she'd previously represented.

Proving just how Democratic this district was, Van Hollen was reelected four times from this district by over 70 percent of the vote. However, it had long been taken for granted that the Republicans would face extremely long odds of retaking the seat if Morella retired or was defeated in an election.

After the 2010 census, Van Hollen's district was made slightly less Democratic. He lost a heavily Democratic spur of Montgomery County to the neighboring 6th district, and lost his share of Prince George's County to the 4th district. In their place, the 8th absorbed heavily Republican Carroll County and a strongly Republican spur of Frederick County. Nonetheless, since his share of Montgomery County has more than double the population of his shares of Carroll and Frederick counties combined, Van Hollen easily won a sixth term over Republican Ken Timmerman with 63 percent of the vote. While Van Hollen lost in Carroll and Frederick, he swamped Timmerman in Montgomery by 113,500 votes.

Positions

Van Hollen has been endorsed by the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence, a group which campaigns for more government regulation of guns. Van Hollen received a 0% from the Gun Owners of America (GOA) in 2006. In September 2008, Van Hollen voted against repealing portions of the D.C. Firearm Ban.

Van Hollen also supports animal rights groups such as The Humane Society, the Society for Animal Protective Legislation (SAPL), Big Cat Rescue (BCR), and Defenders of Wildlife Action Fund, all who gave him a 100% approval rating. Van Hollen also received endorsement from the Humane Society Legislative Fund (HSLF) in 2010. Although he supports animal rights groups, Van Hollen received an approval rating of 0% from the Sportsmen's and Animal Owners' Voting Alliance (SAOVA).

Van Hollen received a 0% rating for the Citizens Against Government Waste (CAGW), and the National Taxpayers Union (NTU), in 2010. Both these organizations advocate for lower taxes for everyone including the wealthy. In 2006, Van Hollen received a 100% rating from Citizens for Tax Justice (CTJ), a group that calls for higher taxes on the wealthy. Van Hollen opposes eliminating the federal estate tax.

Electoral history

Year	Office	Election		Subject	Party	Votes	%		Opponent	Party	Votes	%		Opponent	Party	Votes	%		Opponent	Party	Votes	%
2002	Congress, 8th district	General		Christopher Van Hollen, Jr.	Democratic	112,788	51.71		Connie Morella (incumbent)	Republican	103,587	47.49
2004	Congress, 8th district	General		Christopher Van Hollen, Jr.	Democratic	215,129	74.78		Chuck Floyd	Republican	71,989	25.02
2006	Congress, 8th district	General		Christopher Van Hollen, Jr.	Democratic	168,872	76.52		Jeffrey Stein	Republican	48,324	21.90		Gerald Giblin	Green	3,298	1.49
2008	Congress, 8th district	General		Christopher Van Hollen, Jr.	Democratic	229,669	75.15		Steve Hudson	Republican	66,345	21.71		Gordon S. Clark	Green	6,825	2.23
2010	Congress, 8th district	General		Christopher Van Hollen, Jr.	Democratic	138,032	73.0		Michael Lee Philips	Republican	47,812	25.3		Mark Grannis	Libertarian	2,480	1.3
2012	Congress, 8th district	General		Christopher Van Hollen, Jr.	Democratic	192,711	62.50		Ken Timmerman	Republican	104,391	33.90		Mark Grannis	Libertarian	6,624	2.10		George Gluck	Green	4,498	1.50
2014	Congress, 8th district	General		Christopher Van Hollen, Jr.	Democratic	127,260	60.3		Dave Wallace	Republican	83,711	39.7

Personal life

Van Hollen and his wife Katherine live in the town of Kensington with their three children, Anna, Nicholas, and Alexander. Van Hollen is of Dutch descent.

[ Source: Wikipedia ]